Subject and court · Supreme court · France
Public health at the Conseil d'État
In 2025, the Conseil d'État issued 383 decisions on public health (23% more than in 2024), that is 5% of its caseload. 68% of the decisions with a stated outcome are dismissals, against 65% before the administrative courts of appeal. The median time is 7 months, against 18 months before the administrative courts of appeal.
- Decisions in 2025383+23% over one year
- Share of caseload5%against 1% before the administrative courts of appeal
- Dismissal rate68%against 65% before the administrative courts of appeal
- Median time7 monthsagainst 18 months before the administrative courts of appeal
Activity year by year
On public health, the number of decisions of the Conseil d'État went from 447 in 2022 to 383 in 2025, with a minimum of 306 in 2023. From 2023 (306) to 2025 (383), that is an increase of 25%, against a decrease of 1% before the administrative courts of appeal.
The dismissal rate is 68% in 2025, against 80% in 2022; the median time is 7 months in 2025, against 8 months in 2022.
| Year | Decisions | Change | Share of caseload | Dismissal rate | Median time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 447 | – | 5% | 80% | 8 months |
| 2023 | 306 | −32% | 4% | 74% | 8 months |
| 2024 | 312 | +2% | 4% | 77% | 7 months |
| 2025 | 383 | +23% | 5% | 68% | 7 months |
Series start in 2022, the first full year in which the decisions of the Conseil d'État were published. Share of caseload: share of the subject among all the decisions of the court, computed from 200 decisions a year. Rate and time not computed below 200 decisions in the year.
See also Conseil d'État: all subjects Public health in France
Time to judgment
In 2025, the median time from filing to judgment is 7 months for cases on public health decided at the Conseil d'État: a quarter are decided in less than 5 months, a quarter wait more than 12 months. This median is the same as in 2024.
The median time of the Conseil d'État (7 months) is shorter than that of the administrative courts of appeal (18 months). All subjects together, the median time of the Conseil d'État is also 7 months.
The median time is calculated on 361 judgments and rulings; 22 other decisions of the year are orders, which count in the volumes but not in the times.
- A quarter of cases decided inless than 5 monthsfirst quartile
- Median time7 monthsagainst 18 months before the administrative courts of appeal
- A quarter of cases wait more than12 monthsthird quartile
- Decisions counted361out of 383 decisions in 2025
| Duration | Conseil d'État | Administrative courts of appeal |
|---|---|---|
| < 3 months | 18% | 2% |
| 3-6 months | 20% | 6% |
| 6-12 months | 37% | 10% |
| 1-2 years | 19% | 51% |
| 2-3 years | 6% | 24% |
| > 3 years | 1% | 7% |
Judgments and rulings only, excluding orders; time counted from the filing of the application to the decision. Not computed below 200 decisions in the year.
See also Conseil d'État: all subjects Public health in France
Outcome of the cases
Among the 368 decisions of 2025 on public health with a stated outcome, 68% are dismissals, 29% annul the contested act or grant the claim, and 2% are withdrawals or “no need to rule” decisions, which end the case without a ruling on the merits. On this subject, before the administrative courts of appeal, these shares are 65%, 31% and 2%. 15 other decisions of the year (interim rulings, outcome not stated or classified apart) are left out of the calculation.
The dismissal rate of the Conseil d'État is 3 points higher than that of the same subject before the administrative courts of appeal. Compared with 2024, the dismissal rate on this subject is down 9 points.
- Conseil d'État
- Administrative courts of appeal
- Dismissed
- Annulled or granted
- No need to rule
- Withdrawn
- Referred or transferred
- Suspension
| Outcome | Decisions 2025 | Share | Share: Administrative courts of appeal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dismissed | 249 | 68% | 65% |
| Annulled or granted | 108 | 29% | 31% |
| No need to rule | 6 | 2% | 1% |
| Withdrawn | 0 | 0% | 1% |
| Referred or transferred | 2 | 1% | 1% |
| Suspension | 3 | 1% | 0% |
Decisions with a stated and classified outcome, excluding interim decisions (expert report, investigation).
See also Conseil d'État: all subjects Public health in France
Same subject before the courts of appeal
The 9 administrative courts of appeal issued 366 decisions on public health in 2025 between them, against 383 for the Conseil d'État.
The share of this subject in the caseload ranges from 1% for 6 of the 9 courts to 3% for the administrative court of appeal of Marseille; it is 5% for the Conseil d'État.
- Cour administrative d'appel de Paris
- Cour administrative d'appel de Marseille
- Cour administrative d'appel de Toulouse
- Cour administrative d'appel de Versailles
- Cour administrative d'appel de Lyon
- Cour administrative d'appel de Bordeaux
- Cour administrative d'appel de Nantes
- Cour administrative d'appel de Douai
- Cour administrative d'appel de Nancy
| Court | Decisions 2025 | Share of caseload | Dismissal rate | Median time |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cour administrative d'appel de Paris | 80 | 2% | – | – |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Marseille | 73 | 3% | – | – |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Toulouse | 46 | 2% | – | – |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Versailles | 35 | 1% | – | – |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Lyon | 33 | 1% | – | – |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Bordeaux | 26 | 1% | – | – |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Nantes | 26 | 1% | – | – |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Douai | 24 | 1% | – | – |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Nancy | 23 | 1% | – | – |
Share of caseload: share of the subject among all the decisions of the court. Dismissal rate not computed below 200 decisions on the subject; median time: judgments and rulings only, excluding orders, not computed below 200 judgments.
See also Public health in France Conseil d'État: all subjects
The other subjects of the court
With 383 decisions, or 5% of the total of the Conseil d'État, this subject comes behind planning and building permits (461) and ahead of employment law (291).
| Subject | Decisions 2025 | Share of caseload | Dismissal rate | Median time |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tax | 756 | 10% | 72% | 8 months |
| Immigration | 479 | 6% | 82% | 6 months |
| Civil service | 473 | 6% | 75% | 7 months |
| Planning and building permits | 461 | 6% | 82% | 7 months |
| Public health | 383 | 5% | 68% | 7 months |
| Employment law | 291 | 4% | 83% | 7 months |
| Social welfare | 264 | 4% | 72% | 7 months |
| Environment and agriculture | 262 | 3% | 80% | 10 months |
| Local authorities and public property | 193 | 3% | – | – |
| Policing | 104 | 1% | – | – |
| Driving licences | 97 | 1% | – | – |
| Public procurement | 63 | 1% | – | – |
| Housing | 60 | 1% | – | – |
| Education | 53 | 1% | – | – |
| Elections | 40 | 1% | – | – |
| Other subjects | 3,526 | 47% | 90% | 7 months |
Subject determined from the legal texts cited in each decision; “other subjects” groups decisions without a characteristic text. Detailed pages exist from 50 decisions on the subject.
See also Conseil d'État: all subjects France
Understanding these figures
What these figures count
Of the 7,505 decisions of the Conseil d'État in 2025, 383 fall under public health (5%), based on the legal texts they cite; 3,526 (47%) fall under no identified subject and appear under “Other subjects”.
Frequently asked questions
How many decisions on public health did the Conseil d'État issue in 2025?
The Conseil d'État issued 383 decisions on public health in 2025 (23% more than in 2024), that is 5% of its 7,505 decisions. Since 2022 the total is 1,448 decisions.
What is the median time to judgment on public health at the Conseil d'État?
In 2025, the median time from filing to decision is 7 months for cases on public health: a quarter are decided in less than 5 months, a quarter wait more than 12 months. On this subject it is 18 months before the administrative courts of appeal.
What share of the decisions on public health at the Conseil d'État are dismissals?
In 2025, 68% of the decisions on public health of the Conseil d'État with a stated outcome were dismissals, against 65% before the administrative courts of appeal. The calculation covers 368 of the 383 decisions of the year.
How many decisions on public health did the administrative courts of appeal issue?
In 2025, the administrative courts of appeal of Paris, Marseille and Toulouse issued 80, 73 and 46 respectively. The others issued fewer.