Subject and court · Supreme court · France
Immigration at the Conseil d'État
In 2025, the Conseil d'État issued 479 decisions on immigration (29% fewer than in 2024), that is 6% of its caseload. 82% of the decisions with a stated outcome are dismissals, against 84% before the administrative courts of appeal. The median time is 6 months, against 10 months before the administrative courts of appeal.
- Decisions in 2025479−29% over one year
- Share of caseload6%against 51% before the administrative courts of appeal
- Dismissal rate82%against 84% before the administrative courts of appeal
- Median time6 monthsagainst 10 months before the administrative courts of appeal
Activity year by year
On immigration, the number of decisions of the Conseil d'État went from 549 in 2022 to 479 in 2025, with a maximum of 675 in 2024. From 2023 (580) to 2025 (479), that is a decrease of 17%, against a decrease of 9% before the administrative courts of appeal.
The dismissal rate is 82% in 2025, against 81% in 2022; the median time is 6 months in 2025, against 7 months in 2022.
| Year | Decisions | Change | Share of caseload | Dismissal rate | Median time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 549 | – | 6% | 81% | 7 months |
| 2023 | 580 | +6% | 8% | 82% | 6 months |
| 2024 | 675 | +16% | 9% | 84% | 7 months |
| 2025 | 479 | −29% | 6% | 82% | 6 months |
Series start in 2022, the first full year in which the decisions of the Conseil d'État were published. Share of caseload: share of the subject among all the decisions of the court, computed from 200 decisions a year. Rate and time not computed below 200 decisions in the year.
Time to judgment
In 2025, the median time from filing to judgment is 6 months for cases on immigration decided at the Conseil d'État: a quarter are decided in less than 3 months, a quarter wait more than 9 months. This median was 7 months in 2024.
The median time of the Conseil d'État (6 months) is shorter than that of the administrative courts of appeal (10 months). All subjects together, the median time of the Conseil d'État is 7 months; on this subject it is 1 month shorter.
The median time is calculated on 385 judgments and rulings; 94 other decisions of the year are orders, which count in the volumes but not in the times.
- A quarter of cases decided inless than 3 monthsfirst quartile
- Median time6 monthsagainst 10 months before the administrative courts of appeal
- A quarter of cases wait more than9 monthsthird quartile
- Decisions counted385out of 479 decisions in 2025
| Duration | Conseil d'État | Administrative courts of appeal |
|---|---|---|
| < 3 months | 28% | 4% |
| 3-6 months | 15% | 12% |
| 6-12 months | 44% | 41% |
| 1-2 years | 14% | 41% |
| 2-3 years | 0% | 2% |
| > 3 years | 0% | 0.2% |
Judgments and rulings only, excluding orders; time counted from the filing of the application to the decision. Not computed below 200 decisions in the year.
Outcome of the cases
Among the 467 decisions of 2025 on immigration with a stated outcome, 82% are dismissals, 14% annul the contested act or grant the claim, and 3% are withdrawals or “no need to rule” decisions, which end the case without a ruling on the merits. On this subject, before the administrative courts of appeal, these shares are 84%, 13% and 2%. 12 other decisions of the year (interim rulings, outcome not stated or classified apart) are left out of the calculation.
The dismissal rate of the Conseil d'État is 2 points lower than that of the same subject before the administrative courts of appeal. Compared with 2024, the dismissal rate on this subject is down 2 points.
- Conseil d'État
- Administrative courts of appeal
- Dismissed
- Annulled or granted
- No need to rule
- Withdrawn
- Referred or transferred
- Other outcomes
| Outcome | Decisions 2025 | Share | Share: Administrative courts of appeal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dismissed | 385 | 82% | 84% |
| Annulled or granted | 65 | 14% | 13% |
| No need to rule | 8 | 2% | 2% |
| Withdrawn | 4 | 1% | 1% |
| Referred or transferred | 5 | 1% | 1% |
Decisions with a stated and classified outcome, excluding interim decisions (expert report, investigation).
Same subject before the courts of appeal
The 9 administrative courts of appeal issued 13,843 decisions on immigration in 2025 between them, against 479 for the Conseil d'État.
The share of this subject in the caseload ranges from 37% for the administrative court of appeal of Marseille to 64% for the administrative court of appeal of Versailles; it is 6% for the Conseil d'État. Among the 9 courts that issued at least 200 decisions on this subject, the dismissal rate ranges from 80% for the administrative court of appeal of Paris to 87% for the administrative court of appeal of Marseille. The median time ranges from 6 months for the administrative court of appeal of Bordeaux to 17 months for the administrative court of appeal of Toulouse.
- Cour administrative d'appel de Paris
- Cour administrative d'appel de Versailles
- Cour administrative d'appel de Nancy
- Cour administrative d'appel de Nantes
- Cour administrative d'appel de Lyon
- Cour administrative d'appel de Toulouse
- Cour administrative d'appel de Douai
- Cour administrative d'appel de Bordeaux
- Cour administrative d'appel de Marseille
| Court | Decisions 2025 | Share of caseload | Dismissal rate | Median time |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cour administrative d'appel de Paris | 2,566 | 51% | 80% | 9 months |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Versailles | 2,064 | 64% | 86% | 16 months |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Nancy | 1,630 | 58% | 86% | 15 months |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Nantes | 1,578 | 51% | 81% | 8 months |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Lyon | 1,501 | 48% | 85% | 10 months |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Toulouse | 1,256 | 52% | 85% | 17 months |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Douai | 1,124 | 55% | 81% | 9 months |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Bordeaux | 1,099 | 42% | 82% | 6 months |
| Cour administrative d'appel de Marseille | 1,025 | 37% | 87% | 9 months |
Share of caseload: share of the subject among all the decisions of the court. Dismissal rate not computed below 200 decisions on the subject; median time: judgments and rulings only, excluding orders, not computed below 200 judgments.
The other subjects of the court
With 479 decisions, or 6% of the total of the Conseil d'État, this subject comes behind tax (756) and ahead of civil service (473).
| Subject | Decisions 2025 | Share of caseload | Dismissal rate | Median time |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tax | 756 | 10% | 72% | 8 months |
| Immigration | 479 | 6% | 82% | 6 months |
| Civil service | 473 | 6% | 75% | 7 months |
| Planning and building permits | 461 | 6% | 82% | 7 months |
| Public health | 383 | 5% | 68% | 7 months |
| Employment law | 291 | 4% | 83% | 7 months |
| Social welfare | 264 | 4% | 72% | 7 months |
| Environment and agriculture | 262 | 3% | 80% | 10 months |
| Local authorities and public property | 193 | 3% | – | – |
| Policing | 104 | 1% | – | – |
| Driving licences | 97 | 1% | – | – |
| Public procurement | 63 | 1% | – | – |
| Housing | 60 | 1% | – | – |
| Education | 53 | 1% | – | – |
| Elections | 40 | 1% | – | – |
| Other subjects | 3,526 | 47% | 90% | 7 months |
Subject determined from the legal texts cited in each decision; “other subjects” groups decisions without a characteristic text. Detailed pages exist from 50 decisions on the subject.
See also Conseil d'État: all subjects France
Understanding these figures
What these figures count
Of the 7,505 decisions of the Conseil d'État in 2025, 479 fall under immigration (6%), based on the legal texts they cite; 3,526 (47%) fall under no identified subject and appear under “Other subjects”.
Frequently asked questions
How many decisions on immigration did the Conseil d'État issue in 2025?
The Conseil d'État issued 479 decisions on immigration in 2025 (29% fewer than in 2024), that is 6% of its 7,505 decisions. Since 2022 the total is 2,283 decisions.
What is the median time to judgment on immigration at the Conseil d'État?
In 2025, the median time from filing to decision is 6 months for cases on immigration: a quarter are decided in less than 3 months, a quarter wait more than 9 months. On this subject it is 10 months before the administrative courts of appeal.
What share of the decisions on immigration at the Conseil d'État are dismissals?
In 2025, 82% of the decisions on immigration of the Conseil d'État with a stated outcome were dismissals, against 84% before the administrative courts of appeal. The calculation covers 467 of the 479 decisions of the year.
How many decisions on immigration did the administrative courts of appeal issue?
In 2025, the administrative courts of appeal of Paris, Versailles and Nancy issued 2,566, 2,064 and 1,630 respectively. The others issued fewer.